Thinking about “how little time you spend in ranged before closing to melee distance” and “how much momentum your lines impact theirs with” as distinct elements of an infantry charge correlated to victory in some mixed proportion that each keyed off the same variable.

And how much of the 19th century into WWI was a process of realizing this, obscured by the European powers mutually mixing ranged and melee with the gradually evolving long gun w/bayonet